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RV4140A
Low Power Two-Wire Ground Fault Interrupter Controller
Features
* * * * * * * * * * Powered from the AC line Built-in bridge rectifier Direct interface to SCR 350 mA quiescent current Adjustable trip current Adjustable time delay Minimum external components Meets UL 943 requirements Specifically for two-wire systems For use with 110V or 220V systems
Description
The RV4140A is a low power controller for AC outlet appliance leakage circuit interrupters. These devices detect hazardous current paths to ground such as an appliance falling into water. The interrupter then open circuits the line before a harmful or lethal shock occurs. Internally, the RV4140A has a diode bridge rectifier, zener shunt regulator, op amp, current reference, time delay circuit, latch and SCR driver. An external sense transformer, SCR, relay, two resistors and three capacitors complete the design of the circuit interrupter. The simple layout and minimum component count ensure ease of application and long term reliability.
Block Diagram
RV4140A 1 8
2
Latch 4.7K Delay
7
3 Vcc 4
6
5
65-4140A-01
Rev. 1.0.0
RV4140A
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Functional Description
(Refer to Block Diagram and Figure 1 ) The shunt regulator generated by a 6.5V zener diode is built into the internal bridge rectifier. It is divided to create an internal reference voltage of 2.9V connected to pin 3. The secondary of the sense transformer is AC coupled to the inverting input of the sense amplifier at pin 2; the non-inverting input is referenced to pin 3. A current feedback loop around the sense amplifier ensures a virtual ground will be presented to the secondary of the sense transformer. In this manner it acts as a current transformer instead of a voltage transformer. In this mode, the transformer's characteristics are very predictable and circuit adjustments are not necessary in production. The sense transformer has a toroidal core made of laminated steel rings or solid ferrite material. The secondary of the transformer is 500 to 1000 turns of #40 wire wound through the toroid. The primary's one turn made by passing the AC hot and neutral wires through the center of the toroid. When a ground fault exists, a difference exists between the current flowing in hot and neutral wires. The difference primary current, divided by the number of secondary turns, flows through the secondary wire of the transformer. The AC coupled transformer secondary current then flows through the sense amplifier's feedback loop, creating a full wave rectified version of the secondary fault current. This current passes through RSET at pin 1, generating a voltage equal to RSET times the peak fault current divided by the sense transformer turns ratio. This voltage is compared with the reference voltage at pin 3. If the voltage at pin 1 is greater than pin 3, a comparator will charge C2 through a 29 mA current source at pin 8. If the voltage at pin 1 exceeds pin 3 for longer than the delay time, a 400 mA current will pulse between pins 7 and 6 which will trigger the gate of the SCR. If the voltage at pin 1 exceeds pin 3 for less than the delay time, the SCR will not trigger. The fault current at which the controller triggers the SCR is dependent on the value of RSET and the time delay determined by C2. UL 943 requires the circuit interrupter trip when the ground fault exceeds 6 mA and not trip when the fault current is less than 4 mA.
Supply Current Requirements
The RV4140A has a built-in diode bridge rectifier that provides power to the chip independent of the polarity of the AC line. This eliminates the external rectifier required for previous GFCI controllers. RLlNE limits the shunt regulator current to 2 mA. The recommended value is 47K to 91K for 110V systems and 91K to 150K for 220V systems. The recommended maximum peak line current through RLlNE is 7 mA. DO NOT connect a filter capacitor between pins 5 and 6 in an attempt to filter the supply voltage at the RV4140A. Proper operaton of the RV4140A requires the internal supply voltage to be unfiltered.
SCR Driver
The SCR must have a high dV/dt rating to ensure that line noise (generated by electrically noisy appliances) does not falsely trigger the SCR. Also, the SCR must have a gate drive requirement less than 200 mA. C3 is a noise filter that prevents high frequency line pulses from triggering the SCR. The relay solenoid used should have a 3 ms or less response time to meet the UL 943 timing requirement.
Supplier of Sense Transformers and Cores
Magnetic Metals Corporation, Camden, NJ 08101, (609) 964-7842, supplies a full line of ring cores and transformers designed specifically for GFCI and related applications.
Determining the Values of RSET and C2
Determine the ground fault trip current requirement. This will be typically 5 mA in North America (117 VAC) and 10 mA in the UK and Europe. Determine the minimum amount of time delay required to prevent nuisance tripping. This will typically be 1 to 2 ms. The value of C2 required to provide the desired delay time is: C2 = 10 x T where C2 is in nF, and T is the desired delay time in ms.
2
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
RV4140A
The value of RSET to meet nominal ground fault tip current specification is: 2.05 N R SET = --------------------------------------------------------------I FAULT COS 180 ( T P ) Where: * * * * RSET is in kW T is the time delay in ms P is the period of the line frequency in ms IFAULT is the desired ground fault trip current in mA RMS. * N is the number of sense transformer secondary turns.
This formula assumes an ideal sense transformer is used. The calculated value of RSET may have to be changed up to 30% when using a non-ideal transformer.
RTEST 15K Sense Transformer 1:500 Turns Ratio 3 Ring Steel Core Hot Line Neutral C2 0.02 m F
Press to Test
Mov
Normally Latching
Closed Contacts Load
Solinoid Q1 Tag X0103DA C3 10 nF
C1 10 m F
RSET 191K 1 2 3
8 7 RV4140A 6 5
RLINE 91K
C4 0.1m F
4
65-4140A-02
Figure 1. Appliance Leakage Detector Circuit Application
3
RV4140A
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Pin Assignments
PDIP (Top View) SOIC (Top View)
RSET 1 VFB 2 2.9V 3 Ground 4 8 C Delay 7 SCR Trigger 6 Neutral 5 Line Ground 4 5 Line RSET VFB 2.9V 1 2 3 8 7 6 C Delay SCR Trigger Neutral
65-4140A-03
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter Supply Current Internal Power Dissipation Storage Temperature Range Operating Temperature Range Lead Soldering Temperature 60 Seconds, DIP 10 Seconds, SOIC -65 -35 Min. Typ. Max. 7 500 +150 +80 +300 +260 Units mA mW C C C C
Thermal Characteristics
Parameter Maximum Junction Temperature Maximum PDTA<50C Thermal Resistance, qJA For TA > 50C Derate at 8 Lead Plastic SOIC +125C 300 mW 240C/W 4.1 mW/C 8 Lead Plastic DIP +125C 468 mW 160C/W 6.25 mW/C
4
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
RV4140A
Electrical Characteristics
ILINE = 1.2mA and TA = +25C, RSET = 290kW Parameters Shunt Regulator (Pins 5 to 4) Regulated Voltage Regulated Voltage Sense Amplifier (Pins 2 to 3) Offset Voltage Gain Bandwidth Input Bias Current SCR Trigger (Pins 7 to 6) Output Resistance Output Voltage Output Voltage Output Current Reference Voltage (Pins 3 to 4) Reference Voltage Delay Timer (Pins 8 to 4) Delay Time1 Delay Current C8-4 = 20nF I2-3 = 11mA -- 23 2.0 29 -- 35 ms mA ILINE = 700 mA 2.6 2.9 3.2 V V5-6 = open, I2-3 = 0mA I2-3 = 9mA I2-3 = 11mA V7-6 = 0V, I2-3 = 11mA 4.0 0 1.4 300 4.7 0.1 2.0 420 5.4 10 2.6 600 kW mV V mA Design Value Design Value Design Value -3.0 0 2.0 30 100 3.0 mV MHz nA I2-3 = 11mA ILINE = 700 mA, I2-3 = 9mA 6.8 6.8 7.2 7.2 7.6 7.6 V V Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
Note: 1. Delay time is defined as starting when the instantaneous sense current (I 2-3) exceeds 2.9V/RSET and ending when the SCR trigger voltage V7-6 goes high.
5
6
Q13 Q14 Q15 R3 8.5K Q16 Q34 Q37 Q35 Q46 Q23 Q18 Q17 Q24 Q26 Q32 VCC C1 6.5 pF Q19 Q20 Q11 Q8 Q10 R6 2.5K R5 50K R8 23K Q28 Q29Q30 Q31 Q7 Q9 Sub Sub R9 83K Q41 Q25 Q38 Q39 R10 4.7K Sub R2 10K Line (5) Neutral (6) SCR (7) Cap (8) Q27 R7 23K Q44 Q21 Q22 Q33 Q36 Q43 Q45 Q44 Q47 Q48 Q40 Q42 Q49 Q50 R SET (1) Sub
65-4653
RV4140A
Schematic Diagram
Q12
Q5
V FB
Q3
(2)
Q2
R1 10K
(3) Common
Q6
R4 50K
Ground (4)
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
RV4140A
Notes:
7
RV4140A
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Notes:
8
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
RV4140A
Notes:
9
RV4140A
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Mechanical Dimensions
8-Lead Plastic DIP Package
Inches Min. A A1 A2 B B1 C D D1 E E1 e eB L N -- .015 .115 .014 .045 .008 .348 .005 .300 .240 Max. .210 -- .195 .022 .070 .015 .430 -- .325 .280 Millimeters Min. -- .38 2.93 .36 1.14 .20 8.84 .13 7.62 6.10 Max. 5.33 -- 4.95 .56 1.78 .38 10.92 -- 8.26 7.11 Notes: Notes 1. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1982. 2. "D" and "E1" do not include mold flashing. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed .010 inch (0.25mm). 3. Terminal numbers are for reference only. 4. "C" dimension does not include solder finish thickness. 5. Symbol "N" is the maximum number of terminals. 4 2
Symbol
2
.100 BSC -- .430 .115 .160 8
2.54 BSC -- 10.92 2.92 4.06 8 5
D 4 1
E1
D1
5
8
E e A A1 L B1 B eB A2 C
10
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
RV4140A
Mechanical Dimensions (continued)
8-Lead SOIC Package
Inches Min. A A1 B C D E e H h L N a ccc Max. Millimeters Min. Max. Notes: Notes 1. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1982. 2. "D" and "E" do not include mold flash. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed .010 inch (0.25mm). 3. "L" is the length of terminal for soldering to a substrate. 4. Terminal numbers are shown for reference only. 5 2 2 5. "C" dimension does not include solder finish thickness. 6. Symbol "N" is the maximum number of terminals.
Symbol
.053 .069 .004 .010 .013 .020 .008 .010 .189 .197 .150 .158 .050 BSC .228 .010 .016 8 0 -- 8 .004 .244 .020 .050
1.35 1.75 0.10 0.25 0.33 0.51 0.20 0.25 4.80 5.00 3.81 4.01 1.27 BSC 5.79 0.25 0.40 8 0 -- 8 0.10 6.20 0.50 1.27
3 6
8
5
E
H
1
4
D A1 A SEATING PLANE B -C- LEAD COPLANARITY ccc C a
h x 45 C
e
L
11
RV4140A
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Ordering Information
Part Number RV4140AN RV4140AM Package 8-Lead Plastic DIP 8-Lead Plastic SOIC Operating Temperature Range -35C to +80C -35C to +80C
LIFE SUPPORT POLICY FAIRCHILD'S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT OF FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and (c) whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury of the user.
www.fairchildsemi.com 7/27/98 0.0m 002 Stock#DS20004140A O 1998 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
2. A critical component in any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.
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